Choosing to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) is a career-defining step for finance and accounting professionals, and this FAQs on CPA guide will help you understand the journey. The CPA credential is globally respected and its holders are recognised for their in-depth knowledge, professional competence and ethical standards. However, the path to becoming a CPA involves several stages; understanding the exam, meeting eligibility requirements, scheduling and passing the tests as well as finally obtaining the license. This comprehensive FAQ-style guide will walk you through everything you need to know.
What is CPA certification and why is it important?
CPA stands for Certified Public Accountant, a prestigious qualification issued in the United States by individual state boards under the oversight of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). It signifies a high level of competence in accounting, taxation, auditing and financial reporting. The CPA license is especially valuable for professionals aiming to work in public accounting or secure leadership roles in finance.
What are the benefits of becoming a CPA?
- Higher salary potential: CPAs typically earn more than their non-certified peers.
- Global recognition: Particularly helpful in multinational firms and cross-border roles.
- Career advancement: Essential for senior-level finance, audit and controller positions.
- Credibility and trust: Clients and employers value the integrity associated with CPA credentials.
- Job security: In-demand skill set across industries and economic cycles.
CPA Exam Basics
What is the Uniform CPA Examination?
The Uniform CPA Exam is a standardized test administered jointly by the AICPA, the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) and Prometric. It is designed to assess the knowledge and skills required to become a CPA in the United States.
How is the CPA Exam structured and formatted?
The CPA Exam is a computer-based exam consisting of four separate sections. Each section is four hours long and contains a mix of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), task-based simulations (TBSs) and in some sections, written communication tasks.
What are the four sections of the CPA Exam?
- AUD – Auditing and Attestation
- FAR – Financial Accounting and Reporting
- REG – Regulation
- BAR – Business Analysis and Reporting (or other discipline exams under the CPA Evolution model like ISC – Information Systems and Controls, TCP – Tax Compliance and Planning)
Is the CPA Exam the same for all candidates?
Yes, the content and format are standardised across all jurisdictions. However, starting from the 2024 CPA Evolution model, candidates can choose one discipline (e.g., BAR, TCP or ISC) in addition to the three core sections (AUD, FAR, REG), making the pathway more customisable.
What computer skills do I need for the CPA Exam?
Candidates should be comfortable with basic computer functions such as using a mouse and keyboard, navigating through software interfaces and using a spreadsheet tool (similar to Excel) provided during simulations.
Eligibility and Application Process
What are the eligibility requirements for the CPA Exam?
While each state sets its own US CPA eligibility criteria, most jurisdictions follow a 150-credit hour rule, typically equivalent to a Master’s degree in accounting or related fields. Candidates must also meet specific coursework requirements in accounting, auditing, taxation and business law.
Can I take the CPA Exam after completing B.Com?
B.Com graduates from India generally don’t meet the 150-credit hour requirement directly. However, many supplement their education with a Master’s degree or a recognised bridging CPA course (like M.Com, MBA or a US-based education evaluation) to qualify.
How do education and jurisdiction affect eligibility?
Each state board has different rules. For example, some accept international qualifications more readily, while others are more stringent. Choosing the right state jurisdiction based on your educational background is a crucial first step in your CPA career path.
How do I apply for the CPA Exam?
- Choose a state board and verify your eligibility.
- Submit your transcripts and education credentials for evaluation.
- Receive your Authorisation to Test (ATT).
- Pay the exam fee to NASBA.
- Receive your Notice to Schedule (NTS) and book your exam with Prometric.
Can I get my education evaluated before applying?
Yes and it’s strongly recommended. Several agencies like NASBA International Evaluation Services (NIES), WES and ECE are authorised to evaluate foreign education for CPA eligibility. This step confirms if your education qualifies before you invest in the process.
Where can I take the CPA Exam?
The CPA Exam can be taken at Prometric test centers across the U.S. and select international locations including India, the Middle East and Japan, depending on the state board you choose and your residency status.
CPA Exam Administration and Scheduling
What is “continuous testing” for the CPA Exam?
Continuous testing allows candidates to take the exam throughout the year without being restricted to quarterly testing windows. This flexibility improves planning and shortens the overall time to licensure.
How often can I take the CPA Exam?
You can take each section of the exam once during any rolling 12-month period. If you fail a section, you must wait to reapply and receive a new NTS but retakes are generally possible after a short wait.
What is a Notice to Schedule (NTS) and how do I get one?
An NTS is a document issued by NASBA that permits you to schedule your CPA Exam section with Prometric. You receive it after paying exam fees and confirming eligibility. It’s valid for a specified time (usually six months).
Can I change my CPA Exam location?
Yes! However changes depend on availability and must be done through the Prometric scheduling system. You may incur rescheduling fees depending on how close to your exam date you make the change.
Can I take the CPA Exam outside my jurisdiction or internationally?
Yes. Many U.S. jurisdictions allow candidates to take the exam at international Prometric locations. However, check if your state board permits international testing before applying.
CPA Exam Scoring and Results
How is the CPA Exam scored?
Each section is scored on a scale of 0–99. Multiple-choice questions, task-based simulations and written tasks are all weighted. The scoring formula and weights vary slightly per section.
What is the passing score for the CPA Exam?
The passing score for each section is 75. This does not represent a percentage but rather a scaled score derived from question difficulty and performance.
How long do I have to pass all four sections of the CPA Exam?
You must pass all four sections within an 18-month rolling window starting from the date you pass your first section. If you don’t pass within this window, your oldest passed section will expire.
Do CPA Exam credits expire?
Yes. If you don’t complete all four sections within the 18-month window, you will lose credit for the earliest passed section and have to retake it.
What happens if I fail the CPA Exam?
You can retake the failed section during any future testing window after receiving a new NTS. There’s no limit to the number of attempts but you must complete all sections within the 18-month timeline.
When and how are CPA Exam scores released?
Scores are typically released on a rolling basis throughout the year. AICPA publishes score release dates and candidates can check results via NASBA’s portal.
CPA Licensing and Career Opportunities
What are the requirements for obtaining a CPA license?
After passing the CPA Exam, candidates must meet:
- Experience requirements (usually 1-2 years under a licensed CPA)
- Ethics exam (required by many state boards)
- Continuing Professional Education (CPE) compliance
How do I maintain my CPA license (CPE requirements)?
Most state boards require 40 hours of CPE annually or 80–120 hours over a two- or three-year cycle. CPE topics include ethics, accounting, auditing, taxation and professional development.
What career opportunities does a CPA open up?
A CPA can pursue roles such as:
- Auditor or Audit Manager
- Tax Consultant
- Forensic Accountant
- Financial Analyst
- CFO or Controller
- Risk & Compliance Manager
- Internal Auditor
Does having a CPA guarantee a job?
While the CPA doesn’t guarantee employment, it significantly enhances your resume and competitiveness in the job market. Networking, internships and industry experience are still crucial.
CPA Exam in India
Is the US CPA valid in India?
Yes, the US CPA is recognised in India, especially by Big 4 firms, MNCs and financial consulting companies. Many Indian professionals pursue it as an alternative to CA or alongside global careers.
How can I take the CPA Exam in India?
Candidates can take the CPA Exam at Prometric test centers located in major Indian cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai. However, eligibility must still be confirmed through a U.S. state board.
What are the differences between CPA and CFA?
| Feature | CPA | CFA |
| Focus Area | Accounting, Auditing, Taxation | Investment, Portfolio Management |
| Governing Body | AICPA/NASBA | CFA Institute |
| Exam Format | 4 Sections | 3 Levels |
| Career Path | Accounting, Auditing, Finance | Investment Banking, Asset Management |
| Recognition in India | High, especially in Big 4/MNCs | Also high in finance domain |
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Conclusion
How can I best prepare for the CPA Exam?
The best way for CPA exam preparation is to start with a realistic study plan and allocate time for each section. Choose a reliable review provider (like Becker, Wiley, Gleim), focus on practice questions and simulate exam conditions regularly.
What resources are available for CPA candidates?
- CPA review courses (Becker, Surgent, Wiley)
- AICPA Blueprints
- NASBA website
- Prometric tutorial videos
- CPA forums and study groups
What are the next steps after passing the CPA Exam?
- Complete your work experience requirement.
- Clear the ethics exam if applicable.
- Apply for your CPA license.
- Continue lifelong learning through CPEs.
Leverage your CPA credential for career growth.
